Things You Thought You Knew about Leadership
Let me start first with a brief definition of "leadership".
Leadership is "the set of skills which enables a person
to manage, motivate and develop a group of people".
Much has been written about leadership: rules, pointers, styles,
and biographies of inspiring leaders throughout world history.
But there are certain leadership ideas that we ourselves fail
to recognize and realize in the course of reading books. Here
is a short list of things you thought you knew about leadership.
1. Leaders come in different flavors.
There are different types of leaders and you will probably
encounter more than one type in your lifetime. Formal leaders
are those we elect into positions or offices such as the senators,
congressmen, and presidents of the local clubs. Informal leaders
or those we look up to by virtue of their wisdom and experience
such as in the case of the elders of a tribe, or our grandparents;
or by virtue of their expertise and contribution on a given
field such as Albert Einstein in the field of Theoretical Physics
and Leonardo da Vinci in the field of the Arts. Both formal
and informal leaders practice a combination of leadership styles.
- Lewin’s three basic leadership styles – authoritative,
participative, and delegative
- Likert’s four leadership styles – exploitive
authoritative, benevolent authoritative, consultative,
and participative
- Goleman’s six emotional leadership styles -
visionary, coaching, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting,
and commanding.
2. Leadership is a process of becoming.
Although certain people seem to be born with innate leadership
qualities, without the right environment and exposure, they
may fail to develop their full potential. So like learning
how to ride a bicycle, you can also learn how to become a leader
and hone your leadership abilities. Knowledge on leadership
theories and skills may be formally gained by enrolling in
leadership seminars, workshops, and conferences. Daily interactions
with people provide the opportunity to observe and practice
leadership theories.
Together, formal and informal learning
will help you gain leadership attitudes, gain leadership
insights, and thus furthering the cycle of learning. You do
not become
a leader in one day and just stop. Life-long learning is
important in becoming a good leader for each day brings new
experiences
that put your knowledge, skills, and attitude to a test.
3. Leadership starts with you.
The best way to develop
leadership qualities is to apply it to your own life. As
an adage goes “action speaks louder than
words.” Leaders are always in the limelight. Keep in mind that
your credibility as a leader depends much on your actions:
your interaction with your family, friends, and co-workers;
your way of managing your personal and organizational responsibilities;
and even the way you talk with the newspaper vendor across
the street. Repeated actions become habits. Habits in turn
form a person’s character. Steven Covey’s book entitled 7
Habits of Highly Effective People provides good insights
on how you
can achieve personal leadership.
Hopefully the information presented so far has been applicable.
You might also want to consider the following: 4. Leadership is shared.
Leadership is not the sole responsibility of one person, but
rather a shared responsibility among members of an emerging
team. A leader belongs to a group. Each member has responsibilities
to fulfill. Formal leadership positions are merely added responsibilities
aside from their responsibilities as members of the team. Effective
leadership requires members to do their share of work. Starting
as a mere group of individuals, members and leaders work towards
the formation of an effective team. In this light, social interaction
plays a major role in leadership. To learn how to work together
requires a great deal of trust between and among leaders and
members of an emerging team. Trust is built upon actions and
not merely on words. When mutual respect exists, trust is fostered
and confidence is built.
5. Leadership styles depend on the situation.
How come
dictatorship works for Singapore but not in the United States
of America? Aside from culture, beliefs, value system,
and form of government, the current situation of a nation also
affects the leadership styles used by its formal leaders. There
is no rule that only one style can be used. Most of the time,
leaders employ a combination of leadership styles depending
on the situation. In emergency situations such as periods of
war and calamity, decision-making is a matter of life and death.
Thus, a nation’s leader cannot afford to consult with all departments
to arrive at crucial decisions. The case is of course different
in times of peace and order---different sectors and other branches
of government can freely interact and participate in governance.
Another case in point is in leading organizations. When the
staffs are highly motivated and competent, a combination of
high delegative and moderate participative styles of leadership
is most appropriate. But if the staffs have low competence
and low commitment, a combination of high coaching, high supporting,
and high directing behavior from organizational leaders is
required.
Now that you are reminded of these things, keep in mind that
there are always ideas that we think we already know; concepts
we take for granted, but are actually the most useful insights
on leadership.
If you still have concerns about leadership
concepts, I suggest that you take a few more
minutes to re-read this article. A second reading
may help to clarify your thinking on what leadership
is all about.
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